In 1920, the world was still reeling from the devastating effects of World War I. Cities were in ruins, economies were shattered, and millions were mourning loved ones. Yet, in the middle of this turmoil, one city dared to host an event that symbolized hope, peace, and resilience: the VII Olympiad in Antwerp, Belgium.
These Games were more than a sports event—they were a statement. They showed that, even after conflict and chaos, nations could come together, compete with honor, and begin to rebuild the bonds of humanity.
Quick Facts: Antwerp 1920 at a Glance
- Host City: Antwerp, Belgium
- Dates: April 20 – September 12, 1920
- Participating Nations: 29
- Athletes: Around 2,626 (including 65 women)
- Events: 154 across 22 sports
- Main Venue: Olympisch Stadion (built for the Games)
Why Antwerp?
Antwerp was chosen as a tribute to Belgium’s suffering and bravery during World War I. The country had been invaded and heavily damaged during the war, and awarding it the Olympics was a gesture of international solidarity and sympathy.
But organizing the Games just two years after the end of the war came with enormous challenges:
- Economic instability
- Shortage of resources and materials
- Political tensions among nations
Despite all odds, Belgium delivered a remarkably dignified and meaningful Olympic Games.
Historic Firsts at the 1920 Olympics
The Antwerp Olympics may not have had the glitz of later Games, but they introduced powerful traditions and set important precedents:
🕊️ 1. First Use of the Olympic Flag
The iconic five-ring Olympic flag, designed in 1913 by Pierre de Coubertin, was officially flown for the first time in Antwerp. The five interlocking rings represented the unity of the five continents and the universal spirit of the Games.
🕊️ 2. First Olympic Oath
For the first time, an athlete stood before the world to take an Olympic Oath, pledging fair play and sportsmanship on behalf of all competitors. Belgian fencer Victor Boin delivered the historic oath.
This moment symbolized the ethical heart of the Games and is still part of the opening ceremony today.
🕊️ 3. Release of Doves for Peace
At the opening ceremony, white doves were released to symbolize peace—a powerful image just two years after the end of the Great War. This tradition would later become a recognized Olympic symbol of peace and hope.
Notable Events and Performances
🥇 Paavo Nurmi Begins His Olympic Legend
Finland’s Paavo Nurmi, nicknamed the "Flying Finn," made his Olympic debut in Antwerp and won three golds and one silver in long-distance running. He would go on to become one of the most decorated Olympians of all time.
🥇 Ice Hockey Makes Its Olympic Debut
Though the Winter Olympics didn’t exist yet, the Antwerp Games included an ice hockey tournament—played indoors during April. Canada dominated and took home gold. This marked the beginning of winter sports in Olympic history.
🥇 First Olympic Water Polo Rivalry
The 1920 Games saw the continuation of fierce water polo competition between Great Britain and Belgium. While the host nation hoped for a home victory, Great Britain won the gold.
A Changed World: Who Was Missing?
The political aftermath of WWI shaped who was allowed to compete:
- Germany, Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire were not invited due to their roles as Central Powers in the war.
- Soviet Russia did not participate either, due to its internal revolution and civil war.
These exclusions highlighted the still-fragile state of international unity.
Challenges and Legacy
- Organizing the Olympics in a damaged, post-war Europe was no easy feat:
- Facilities were modest, and the Olympic Village didn’t yet exist.
- The Games were stretched over several months due to logistics and weather.
- Spectators were few, but the symbolism was strong.
Despite the challenges, Antwerp 1920 is remembered as a remarkable success—not in terms of scale, but in its spirit.
The Olympics That Stood for Something Greater
The 1920 Antwerp Olympics weren’t just about medals or world records. They were about healing, dignity, and rebuilding trust among nations. In the shadow of destruction, athletes gathered to prove that peace was possible—and that the human spirit could still triumph.
By raising the Olympic flag for the first time and declaring an oath of unity and fairness, the Antwerp Games planted the seeds of modern Olympic values—ones that still guide the Games today.
